JNNURM full form?
VerifiedAnswer: Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission
Explanation:
The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) was one of India's most ambitious urban development programs launched by the Government of India in December 2005. This comprehensive mission was designed to address the growing challenges of urbanization and improve the quality of life in Indian cities.
JNNURM was structured as a seven-year program (2005-2012) with a total investment of Rs. 1,20,000 crores. The mission focused on transforming urban India by creating economically productive, efficient, equitable, and responsive cities. It aimed to bridge the gap between urban infrastructure requirements and available resources through strategic planning and implementation.
The mission had two main components:
• Urban Infrastructure and Governance (UIG): This component focused on improving urban infrastructure in 65 selected cities, including water supply, sewerage, solid waste management, road networks, and urban transport systems.
• Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP): This component aimed to provide basic services and affordable housing to urban poor families in the same 65 cities, ensuring inclusive urban development.
JNNURM emphasized reforms in urban governance, including implementation of the 74th Constitutional Amendment, adoption of modern accounting systems, and introduction of e-governance practices. Cities were required to undertake mandatory reforms like property tax reforms, reduction in overlapping functions of parastatals, and implementation of rainwater harvesting systems.
The funding pattern for JNNURM projects involved cost-sharing between the Central Government, State Governments, and Urban Local Bodies. For mega cities and metros, the Central Government contributed 35% of the project cost, while for other cities, it contributed 50% of the total project cost.
After the completion of JNNURM in 2014, the Government of India launched successor missions like the Smart Cities Mission and AMRUT (Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation) to continue the urban development agenda. These programs built upon the foundation laid by JNNURM and incorporated lessons learned from its implementation.
