Exploring Our Neighbourhood Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 2 CBSE Notes 2025-26

Our neighbourhood is filled with different places and people who make our lives easier and help us every day. In this chapter, you learn how essential community services such as schools, post offices, banks, hospitals, and libraries work together to support us. The journey of Navya and her grandfather through their neighbourhood helps us see how past and present ways of living and communicating have changed over time.

Long ago, people used to communicate using drumbeats and carvings on rocks. As time passed, they sent messages through messengers and pigeons. Later, people started writing letters, which were delivered through the postal service. Today, communication has become fast and easy with mobile phones, social media, text messages, and the internet. Earlier, people waited weeks for letters, but now we receive replies in seconds through instant messaging and emails.

• Post offices played a major role in sending letters, parcels, and important documents.
• With the rise of new inventions like the telephone, radio, and television, sharing news became much easier.
• Modern technology, such as mobile phones and internet, helps us connect with people globally in seconds.

The difference between communication methods in the past and present can be seen in the speed, frequency, and ease of contacting others. In the past, letters and telegrams were slow, and sometimes miscommunication occurred due to language or delays. Today, quick messages help us share information rapidly, but it is important to check whether the news is true before sharing.

Transport in the neighbourhood includes school buses, e-rickshaws, and public buses. Modern developments like metro trains and flyovers have made travelling faster and more comfortable. Earlier, people travelled mostly by foot, cycle, or bullock carts, while today, we use faster modes like buses, autos, trains, and cars.

• Metro trains and flyovers reduce congestion and save time by letting vehicles move over busy roads and crossings.
• With better transport, people can visit schools, markets, hospitals, and other places quickly.
• Development must be balanced with protection of our environment. Planting trees can help keep neighbourhoods clean and healthy.

Our neighbourhood has important places such as banks, hospitals, post offices, libraries, police stations, and more. Each of these has a special role in keeping the community safe, healthy, and well-connected.

• The post office helps people stay connected by delivering letters and parcels.
• Hospitals and health centres serve people who are unwell and offer health camps.
• Banks and ATMs keep our money safe and let us save for the future, as well as send or receive money easily. In the past, money was sent using money orders through the post office.

It is important to save money for future needs. Banks provide services apart from savings, such as giving loans, keeping valuables safe, and helping people transfer money. ATMs allow us to withdraw money at any time. Today, technology also allows us to send money online quickly using mobile phones.

Hospitals employ many workers, each with special roles. For example:

• Other hospital staff may include ward boys, cleaners, receptionists, and ambulance drivers.
• Health camps in hospitals help people with special checkups, like eye camps.

Banks are important for keeping money safe, saving for future needs, and making payments easily. In earlier times, people would stand in long lines at the bank, or use money orders to send money through the post office. Today, we have ATMs and online banking. ATMs (Automated Teller Machines) help people withdraw cash any time. Mobile phones and the internet allow people to send money quickly.

A basic passbook entry in a bank includes details like:

Saving money is important because it prepares us for future needs and emergencies. Students should learn to manage small pocket expenses by dividing their money between savings and spending.

Navya learns to draw a map of her neighbourhood by understanding directions. North is shown at the top, South at the bottom, East on the right, and West on the left. By identifying the direction of the rising sun (East), she is able to locate and mark important places around her house, such as the school, market, or hospital. Landmarks are used so that others can recognize or find places easily.

• Maps help us find the way from one place to another, such as the route to a library from school.
• Directions like left, right, forward, and backward, along with landmarks, make it easier to guide someone.

Many people and vehicles are involved in keeping our neighbourhood running smoothly. Examples include:

During difficult times such as COVID-19, many people in the neighbourhood helped everyone stay safe. These include doctors, nurses, garbage collectors, shopkeepers, teachers, and others. It is important to be thankful and show kindness to all community helpers. Working together and caring for each other makes the neighbourhood a better and safer place.

Comparing travel and communication from the times of our parents and grandparents to today highlights big changes. Earlier, journeys were slower and fewer people had access to instant messaging or modern transport. Today, things have become much easier and faster, but we must remember to be responsible – in the way we travel, communicate, and support our environment.

Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 2 Notes On Our Way Back Home & Exploring Our Neighbourhood

These CBSE Class 4 The World Around Us Chapter 2 revision notes cover the main points about communication, transportation, community helpers, and neighbourhood services. The notes highlight how technology, banks, and hospitals support families every day and how changes have shaped our lives. Simple explanations help students revise all key topics quickly before exams.

Class 4 learners can easily understand the evolution of neighbourhoods, importance of maps, directions, and savings, and value of helping others. With practice activities and easy tables, these notes make chapter revision engaging and complete for students.