The Transport Museum Class 4 Maths Chapter 13 CBSE Notes 2025-26

Chapter 13 of CBSE Class 4 Maths, "The Transport Museum", focuses on multiplication and division strategies using real-life examples and activities. The chapter helps students build a practical understanding of how to multiply and divide numbers, especially when dealing with groups, rows, and large values using concepts like tens and hundreds.

Mystery Matrix and Multiplication Practice Students are first introduced to the "Mystery Matrix", where they fill in missing numbers in a table using clues about multiplication. For example, by using row and column products such as 56, 54, and 48, students work out suitable 1-digit numbers. This activity strengthens their understanding of multiplication tables and how factors combine to make products.

Working with Multiples of Ten The chapter places a strong emphasis on multiplying by 10s and understanding how numbers increase in groups of ten. For instance, 2 × 10 is explained as "2 Tens = 20"; similarly, students practice problems like 14 × 10 = 140—showing 14 groups of 10. The concept is visually reinforced, so students see that 10 Tens make 1 Hundred (100).

Students are encouraged to use these ideas for mental maths. Questions like, “15 × 10 = __ Tens = __” help students quickly realise the answer is 15 Tens or 150. There are similar exercises for 16 × 10, 19 × 10, and 20 × 10, developing fluency in working with tens.

Constructing and Comparing Multiplication Tables Learners compare and fill in multiplication tables such as the times-5 and times-15 tables, and spot patterns. For example, the times-15 table is built from the times-5 table by multiplying each answer by 3. The chapter presents both tables side by side so students understand similarities and differences, and reflect on patterns seen in the columns.

An activity involves splitting complex products—like 5 × 15—into smaller, manageable parts: 5 × 10 + 5 × 5 = 50 + 25 = 75. This breaking down helps in mental calculation and develops number sense.

Splitting and Doubling Numbers in Multiplication A key strategy in the chapter is splitting numbers into parts, then using "doubling" to simplify calculations. For instance, 3 × 14 is shown as (3 × 7) + (3 × 7) = 21 + 21 = 42. Similarly, 6 × 14 is found by doubling 6 × 7, showing students can use this technique for several tables, especially those arising from even numbers.

Students are encouraged to try constructing the times-14 table and others from 11 to 20 by using splitting and doubling, further reinforcing relationships between smaller and larger multiplication facts.

Multiples and Problems with Hundreds The text explains that multiplying by 100s is similar to working with 10s. For instance, 8 × 100 = 800. Activities guide students to explore larger values: "12 × 100 = 1200", "27 × 100 = 2700", "70 × 100 = 7000". Students also understand additions like 11 × 100 = 1000 + 100 = 1100 by splitting.

There are exercises for twice and multiples of 100, e.g., 11 × 200 is calculated as (10 × 200) + (1 × 200) = 2200, and students compare pairs like 11 × 100 and 11 × 200. The chapter often prompts reflection: when multiplying by 100, the answer ends in two zeroes; multiplying by 10 ends with one zero.

• Practice problems include: 30 × 100, 24 × 100, 19 × 100, 53 × 100.
• "Set A", "Set B", and "Set C" tables guide students to find patterns like 14 × 100 = 1400, 14 × 10 = 140, 14 × 1 = 14.

Real-Life and Word Problems The chapter features many realistic scenarios to practice multiplication and division. For example, students calculate:

• The number of people who can travel in 26 tempo travellers: 26 × 10 = 260.
• How many buses are needed for 324 children, if one coach holds 14: students use repeated subtraction, division, and discuss leftover children.
• Division practice: e.g., "60 kg of rice packed in 10 kg sacks = 6 sacks".

• Other stories involve distributing bricks made in a month, total tickets costs during trips, and matching passenger numbers with vehicles in a table.

Strategies for Division Students also learn division facts. The chapter demonstrates division by 10s and 100s (like 600 ÷ 100 = 6), using familiar objects such as bananas, money, or bricks. In the “Spot the Maths Sentences” activity, students find multiplication and division facts in tables, e.g., 525 ÷ 5 = 105, 50 × 20 = 1000.

Further practice includes:

• 40 ÷ 10 = 4,
• 400 ÷ 100 = 4,
• 400 ÷ 20 = 20,
• 4 ÷ 2 = 2.

Patterns and Observations The text encourages students to observe patterns. For example, in Chinnu’s Coins, friends pay for a ticket using different notes and coins, and students are prompted to calculate, compare, and discuss. Similarly, in multiplication tables like 12 × 13 and 11 × 14, students look for equal products and analyze the relationships.

Spotting patterns between multiplication by 10s and by 100s, and noticing how doubling or halving affects answers, is a recurring theme. These insights build confidence in mental maths and in tackling bigger, unfamiliar numbers.

Extensive Exercises and Practice Finally, multiple exercises are offered for more practice—such as, "Let Us Solve" (mix of multiplication and division), challenging sums (e.g., 237 × 28, 807 ÷ 24, 35 × 76, etc.), and encouraging comparison of different methods.

Overall, the chapter blends conceptual explanation, hands-on calculation, practical problems, and number patterns, helping students become confident and flexible in multiplication and division, especially with tens and hundreds in various forms.

Class 4 Maths Chapter 13 Notes – The Transport Museum: Mystery Matrix and Times Tables

These Class 4 Maths Chapter 13 notes summarise vital concepts from "The Transport Museum," including multiplication tricks, group making, and division activities. With clear explanations on the Mystery Matrix and stepwise table construction, students can easily revise complex problems and identify patterns in times tables.

Useful for both practice and last-minute preparation, these revision notes cover real-world scenarios and encourage logical thinking. Practicing with these multiplication and division strategies helps students gain confidence for their CBSE Class 4 Maths exams.